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KMID : 1001320160430020159
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Social Welfare Policy
2016 Volume.43 No. 2 p.159 ~ p.189
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Comparative Study of Speenhamland of England, Family Assistance Plan of USA, and National Basic Livelihood Security Program of Korea
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Park Byung-Hyun
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Abstract
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Speenhamdland refers to a town in Berkshire County, England, where the county squires decreed in May 1795 that the poor should be entitled to a specific quantity of assistance depending upon the price of bread and the size of the family. This form of provision is often called aid-in-wages because when the gap between wages and the price of bread widened, the Parish used poor relief funds to supplement the wages of workers and their families. Speenhamland has had a very real impact on social policy debates in England and the United States for two full centuries. In the twentieth century, this impact has generally occurred under the radar of explicit political debate and publicity. One such incident occurred in United States during the Nixon Administration when Daniel Patrick Moynihan developed his Family Assistance Plan(FAP). National Basic Livelihood Security Program that was introduced in 2000 in Korea has also income guaranteed program. These three program have something in common. These three program were based on a guaranteed income for all people. However, Speenhamland had existed only 39 years. Family Assistance Plan could not pass in the Senate. As implications of Speenhamland and Family Assistance Plan for National Basic Livelihood Security of Korea, National Basic Livelihood Security should receive support from people, show positive aspects, and develop theoretical base.
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KEYWORD
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Speenhamland, Family Assistance Plan, National Basic Livelihood Security Program, comparative social welfare, income guaranteed program
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